What Works: Case Studies

Connect Flows and Water Quality: Middle Cuyahoga TMDL

Habitat and flow impairments are often seen as untouchables in the Clean Water Act's Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) world. This example from Ohio shows this doesn't have to be true.

Using the Clean Water Act to Restore Flows: Fay Creek

An exciting recent (2011) example of the power of 401 water quality certification to address flows involves Fay Creek, a tributary to the South Fork of Kern River in California.

Watershed-based approach to stormwater permits

In Michigan's Clinton River watershed, more than 40 municipalities, four counties and dozens of other public entities banded together to meet stormwater permitting requirements.

Volunteer monitoring helps identify problems and improve clean-up

The Beachkeeper program is a volunteer water quality monitoring program that involves the local community in identifying and monitoring sources of urban runoff in Santa Monica Bay. Data collected by these volunteers helped identify the Bay as impaired, and was critical to the design of the cleanup plan.

Creative ways to use Section 319 funds

If you could hire an enforcement officer to protect your watershed, would you do it? Amigos Bravos of New Mexico found a creative way to do just that…and more.

Hard infrastructure dollars pay for stream restoration

Ohio EPA developed an innovative program that combines conventional sewers and wastewater treatment with “green infrastructure” projects to increase water quality protection.

An industrial success in Oregon

In 2004, members of the Northwest Environmental Defense Center were patrolling the Columbia River in kayaks when they witnessed murky, foul-smelling water pouring out of a pipe directly adjacent to a trash-hauling company.

Pursuing alternatives to wetland destruction

Wildlife agencies often comment on Section 404 wetland fill permit applications. Reach out to the agencies to engage them and strengthen your comments.

Using 401 to protect streamflow in the Dosewallips River

The Dosewallips River originates in the glacial peaks of the Olympic National Park, a World Heritage Site and International Biosphere Reserve. While dams blanket the state of Washington, the Dosewallips runs free. The Dosewallips was caught in a power struggle between Washington state and the federal government.

Public participation leads to better TMDL

Local citizens sometimes know more about their watersheds than state agencies, and this knowledge can be a valuable aspect of TMDL development. Such was the case for Lake Yazoo in Mississippi.

Volunteer Monitoring Helps Identify Problems and Improve Clean-up

A well-designed volunteer monitoring program can inspire real action and change for the better -- read about how the Beachkeeper program made a difference for Santa Monica Bay visitors.

Making the Clean Water Act Work in Illinois

By combining persistence, a good antidegradation policy, direct discussions with permit holders, and a little creativity, Illinois conservationists have found that the Clean Water Act really can work.

Citizens speak out to protect uses in Kentucky streams

Kentucky Waterways Alliance and local residents give voices -- and protection -- to trout in headwater streams.